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This method allowed the scientists to create digital-logic elements that are 260,000 times smaller than the ones used in the most advanced semiconductor chips available today. Putting that in perspective, the most complex circuit they built--a 12-by-17 nanometer three-input sorter--is so miniscule that 190 billion of them could fit on top of a standard pencil-top eraser. A nanometer is a billionth of a meter, which is the length of about five to 10 atoms in a line.